FrequentBeach

Organic Underwear

2006-10-29T06:45:00.000-08:00

Natural soft Organic Clothinggoods are hard to find as they can often be a little course. Liv Organic Cotton Goodsare soft and luxurious and their Organic Underwear is to die for.

Acarina

2005-04-04T16:36:00.000-07:00

Subclass of the arthropod class Arachnida that includes the mite and tick (qq.v.).

Dagger

2005-04-03T10:27:00.000-07:00

Short stabbing knife, ostensibly the diminutive of the sword, though in ancient and medieval times the distinction between a long dagger and a short sword was often obscure. From approximately 1300 the European dagger was consistently differentiated from the sword; in the 16th century a school of fencing developed in which a specially designed dagger with a large guard

Peru, Discovery and exploration by Europeans

2005-04-02T09:32:00.000-08:00

Spanish interest in the west coast of South America grew after Vasco Núñez de Balboa discovered the Pacific in 1513, but it was not until 1524 that Francisco Pizarro, aided by another soldier, Diego de Almagro, and a priest, Hernando de Luque, undertook explorations that led to the conquest of Peru. By 1527 they were convinced of the wealth of the Inca empire. Failing to win further cooperation

Goncharova, Natalya

2005-04-01T16:01:00.000-08:00

The daughter of an aristocratic family, Goncharova studied painting and sculpture at the Academy of Fine Arts in Moscow. After an early preoccupation

Andrea Del Sarto

2005-04-01T02:52:00.000-08:00

Original name Andrea d'Agnolo Italian painter and draftsman whose works of exquisite composition and craftsmanship were instrumental in the development of the Florentine-Roman school in the first half of the 16th century. His most striking among other well-known works is the series of frescoes on the life of St. John the Baptist about 1511 and

Phase Diagram

2005-03-31T03:35:00.000-08:00

Graph showing the limiting conditions for solid, liquid, and gaseous phases of a single substance or of a mixture of substances while undergoing changes in pressure and temperature or in some other combination of variables, such as solubility and temperature. The Figure shows a typical phase diagram for a one-component system (i.e., one consisting of a single pure

Nahhas Pasha, Mustafa An-

2005-03-31T00:20:00.000-08:00

A lawyer by profession, Nahhas was appointed a judge in 1904. Soon after World War I he joined the recently formed Wafd, assuming the chairmanship upon Sa'd Zaghlul's death in 1927. Thus he embarked upon a career during which

Extenuating Circumstance

2005-03-30T06:23:00.000-08:00

Many Anglo-American legal systems do not prescribe minimum punishments for all crimes. The judge is thus free to consider all the circumstances in setting the punishment up to a prescribed maximum. Some special circumstances

Acrobatics

2005-03-29T22:02:00.000-08:00

In 1859 the invention of the flying trapeze by J. Léotard, as well as Charles Blondin's crossing of Niagara Falls on a tightrope, rekindled

Music

2005-03-28T23:25:00.000-08:00

From "Encore! The Three Tenors" concert at Dodger Stadium in Los Angeles to the firing of Myung-Whun Chung from the Paris National Opéra, from pianist Van Cliburn's ill-starred 60th-birthday concert tour to soprano Kathleen Battle's dismissal from the Metropolitan Opera (see BIOGRAPHIES), the world of classical music scarcely lacked for headlines in 1994. There were happier

Tuan Ch'i-jui

2005-03-28T15:51:00.000-08:00

A student of military science in Germany, Tuan became President Yüan Shih-k'ai's minister of war following the Chinese Republican Revolution of 1911. Shortly before Yüan's death in 1916, Tuan became premier, and he kept the post in the new government. He restored the provisional

China, Provincial government

2005-03-27T14:01:00.000-08:00

At the outset of the Han dynasty very large areas were entrusted as kingdoms to the emperor's kinsmen while the central government administered the interior provinces as commanderies. But by c. 100 BC the Imperial government had deprived the kingdoms of their strength, and most of their lands had been incorporated as commanderies under the central government. Although

Harvard University Library

2005-03-26T23:21:00.000-08:00

Largest university library and the first institutional library in what became the United States, established when John Harvard, a young Puritan minister, left his collection of 260 volumes to the new Harvard College in Cambridge, Mass., in 1638. The core of the collection now contains 10,000,000 volumes, housed in three adjacent buildings. There are works for advanced study and research,

Voysey, Charles Francis Annesley

2005-03-26T10:11:00.000-08:00

Voysey was the son of Charles Voysey, founder of the Theistic Church. He was articled to J.P. Seddon in 1874, became assistant to George Devey, the eminent country-house designer, in 1880, and set up his own

Kwangju

2005-03-25T20:53:00.000-08:00

Also spelled Gwangju, city and provincial capital, South Cholla do (province), southwestern South Korea. It has the status of a special city (area 193 square miles [501 square km]) under the direct control of the home minister, with administrative status equal to that of a province. An old city on the edge of the mountainous area of South Cholla province, it has been a centre of trade and of local administration

Burton, Virginia Lee

2005-03-25T01:21:00.000-08:00

Burton grew up from the age of seven in Sonora, California. After graduating from high school she studied both dancing and drawing, and later she continued taking art lessons at the Boston Museum School. In 1929 she became

Kiriwina Islands

2005-03-24T14:30:00.000-08:00

Also called Trobriand Islands coral formations in the Solomon Sea of the southwestern Pacific, Papua New Guinea, 90 miles (145 km) north of the southeasternmost extension of the island of New Guinea. The low-lying group, all of coralline limestone and many fringed by coral reefs, comprises four larger islands, Kiriwina (Trobriand), Kaileuna, Vakuta, and Kitava, and several islets, with a total land area of about

Gonne, Maud

2005-03-23T14:31:00.000-08:00

The daughter of an Irish army officer and his English wife, Gonne made her debut in St. Petersburg and later acted as hostess for her father when he was assistant

Aldabra Islands

2005-03-22T15:15:00.000-08:00

Atoll, one of the world's largest, in the Indian Ocean about 600 miles (1,000 km) southwest of the Seychelles group, and part of the Republic of the Seychelles. The Aldabras, together with Farquhar and Desroches islands and the Chagos Archipelago, formed part of the British Indian Ocean Territory from 1965 to 1976. The Aldabra Islands were formerly under the hegemony of the Seychelles, to

Dângrêk Mountains

2005-03-22T11:13:00.000-08:00

Khmer Chuor Phnum Dângrêk , French Chaîne de Dangrek forested range of hills averaging 1,500–2,000 feet (450–600 m) and dividing Thailand from Cambodia. This east–west-trending range extends from the Mekong River westward for approximately 200 miles (320 km), merging with the highland area near San Kamphaeng, Thailand. Essentially the southern escarpment of the sandstone Khorat Plateau of northeastern Thailand, the Dângrêk range slopes gradually

Asheville

2005-03-21T17:02:00.000-08:00

City, seat of Buncombe county, west-central North Carolina, U.S. Asheville lies in the Blue Ridge Mountains, at the junction of the French Broad and Swannanoa rivers. It has a mild climate and is built on an uneven plateau at an elevation of about 2,200 feet (670 metres). Asheville is the eastern gateway to Great Smoky Mountains National Park and the Cherokee Indian Reservation and

Hess, Orvan Walter

2005-03-21T08:46:00.000-08:00

American obstetrician and gynecologist (b. June 18, 1906, Margaretville, N.Y.—d. Sept. 6, 2002, New Haven, Conn.), developed the first fetal heart monitor, at the Yale University Medical School, in 1957. The device, which allowed monitoring to continue during labour, became, except for ultrasound, the most-used technique in obstetrics. Hess also played a major part in the initial successful employment

Chemical Compound, Aldehydes and ketones

2005-03-20T22:09:00.000-08:00

Similar to the double bond of alkenes, the carbon-oxygen double bond is made up of a s bond, whose electron pair lies between the bonded

Temperature Stress

2005-03-19T21:49:00.000-08:00

Physiological stress induced by excessive heat or cold that can impair functioning and cause injury or death. Exposure to intense heat increases body temperature and pulse rate. If body temperature is sufficiently high, sweating may cease, the skin may become dry, and deeper and faster breathing may follow. Headaches, nausea, disorientation, fainting, and unconsciousness

Vietnam, Relief

2005-03-19T15:18:00.000-08:00

Vietnam's principal physiographic features are the Annamese Cordillera (French: Chaîne Annamitique; Vietnamese: Nui Truong Son), extending from north to south in central Vietnam and dominating the interior, and two extensive alluvial deltas formed by the Red (Hong) River in the north and the Mekong (Cuu Long) River in the south. Between these two deltas is a long, relatively

Hess, Orvan Walter

2005-03-18T20:49:00.000-08:00

The amount of oxygen used by microorganisms in the process of breaking down organic matter in water. The more organic matter there is (e.g., in sewage), the greater the number of microbes. The more microbes there are, the greater the need of oxygen to support them; consequently, less oxygen is available for higher animals such as fishes. The BOD is therefore a reliable gauge

Bahram I

2005-03-18T10:10:00.000-08:00

A son of Shapur I, during his father's reign he governed the province of Atropatene. His succession to his brother Hormizd I strengthened the position of the Zoroastrian clergy and their high priest Karter, and at their insistence Bahram imprisoned Mani, the founder of the antimaterialist, ascetic religion of Manichaeism. Subsequent religious

Maskelyne, John Nevil

2005-03-17T04:21:00.000-08:00

Trained as a watchmaker, Maskelyne became famous in 1865 when he, aided by George A. Cooke, exposed the Davenport Brothers as fraudulent spiritualists.

Eliot, Charles William

2005-03-17T02:58:00.000-08:00

Eliot graduated from Harvard in 1853 and was appointed assistant professor of mathematics and chemistry there in 1858. In 1867 he sailed for Europe, where he made a study of European educational systems.

Venice, Gulf Of

2005-03-16T22:58:00.000-08:00

Italian Golfo Di Venezia, northern section of the Adriatic Sea (an arm of the Mediterranean Sea), extending eastward for 60 miles (95 km) from the Po River delta, Italy, to the coast of Istria, in Slovenia and Croatia. It receives the Po, Adige, Piave, and Tagliamento rivers. Marshes, lagoons, and sandspits border the gulf's shores as far as Trieste, Italy, where the low plateau of the Istrian Peninsula begins.

Saint Albans, Battles Of

2005-03-16T06:52:00.000-08:00

The battle of 1455 was the first in the wars. Richard, Duke of York and King Henry VI's cousin, had a better right to the throne, by primogeniture, than the king himself. The

Newhouse, Theodore ("ted")

2005-03-15T15:24:00.000-08:00

American publisher who with his brothers founded a publishing empire that grew to comprise such holdings as 26 newspapers, the Condé Nast magazine group, business journals, and cable television systems (b. July 19, 1903, Bayonne, N.J.--d. Nov. 28, 1998, New York, N.Y.).

Vulva

2005-03-15T14:49:00.000-08:00

The

Anderson, Regina M.

2005-03-14T04:40:00.000-08:00

Anderson attended several colleges, including Wilberforce University in Ohio and the University of Chicago. She received a Master of Library Science degree from Columbia University

Puerto Cabello

2005-03-13T14:24:00.000-08:00

Port city, northern Carabobo state, north-central Venezuela, situated on the Caribbean Sea. In colonial times, the waters of its well-protected harbour were said to be so smooth that a single hair (Spanish cabello) could moor a vessel to the dock, hence the name. The settlement has played a prominent part in Venezuelan history as a target of pirate attacks, a smuggling centre,

Great Rift

2005-03-13T14:14:00.000-08:00

In astronomy, a complex of dark nebulae that seems to divide the bright clouds of the Milky Way Galaxy lengthwise through about one-third of their extent. From the constellation Cygnus, the rift reaches through Aquila and Sagittarius, where the centre of the Galaxy lies hidden behind it, to Centaurus. The clouds of dark material making up the Great Rift are several

Ba

2005-03-12T23:27:00.000-08:00

In ancient Egyptian religion, with ka and akh, a principal aspect of the soul; the ba appears in bird form, thus expressing the mobility of the soul after death. Originally written with the sign of the jabiru bird, and thought to be an attribute of only the god-king, the ba was later represented by a man-headed hawk, often depicted hovering over the mummies of king and populace

Agulhas Current

2005-03-11T16:28:00.000-08:00

Surface oceanic current that is part of the westward-flowing South Equatorial Current, which turns southward along the east coast of Africa and then eastward to join the flow from Africa to Australia. A small part of Agulhas water may, however, continue westward around the Cape of Good Hope into the Atlantic. The Mozambique Current, between Madagascar and Africa,

Bevan, Aneurin

2005-03-11T05:49:00.000-08:00

The son of

Aeschylus

2005-03-10T10:00:00.000-08:00

Aeschylus grew up in the turbulent period when the Athenian democracy, having thrown off its tyranny (the absolute rule of one man), had to prove itself against both self-seeking politicians at home and invaders from abroad. Aeschylus himself took part in his city's first struggles against the invading Persians. Later Greek chroniclers believed that Aeschylus was

La Matanza

2005-03-09T20:25:00.000-08:00

Partido (political subdivision) of Gran (Greater) Buenos Aires, Arg., directly southwest of the city of Buenos Aires, in Buenos Aires province. The present-day partido was part of the Pago (country district) de las Conchas during the 17th and early 18th centuries. In 1730 the Pago de las Conchas was divided into four rural settlement areas, one of which was the Pago de la Matanza. The

üsküdar

2005-03-08T23:17:00.000-08:00

Formerly Scutari, city, northwestern, Turkey. It lies at the foot of the Bulgurlu Hills on the Asiatic side of the Bosporus Strait opposite Istanbul. Known as Chrysopolis in ancient times, it was a dependency of the older and better-sited colony of Chalcedon (modern Kadiköy), where, according to the historian Polybius, the Athenians set up a toll for ships passing through the Bosporus. The

Tapestry

2005-03-08T10:16:00.000-08:00

Woven decorative fabric, the design of which is built up in the course of weaving. Broadly, the name has been used for almost any heavy material, handwoven, machine woven, or even embroidered, used to cover furniture, walls, or floors or for the decoration of clothing. Since the 18th and 19th centuries, however, the technical definition of tapestry has been narrowed to include

Biblical Literature, Textual criticism

2005-03-08T02:07:00.000-08:00

Textual criticism is concerned with the basic task of establishing, as far as possible, the original text of the documents on the basis of the available materials. For the Old Testament, until 1947, these materials consisted principally of: (1) Hebrew manuscripts dated from the 9th century AD onward, the Masoretic text, the traditional Jewish text with its vocalization and punctuation

North Polar Sequence

2005-03-07T13:14:00.000-08:00

Group of 96 stars near the north celestial pole, used from about 1900 to 1950 as standards of magnitude and colour by which other stars are measured. First proposed by the American astronomer Edward Charles Pickering, the system has been largely superseded by the UBV system (q.v.).

Wells, Horace

2005-03-07T03:07:00.000-08:00

While practicing in Hartford, Conn., in 1844, Wells noted the pain-killing properties of nitrous oxide (“laughing gas”) during a laughing-gas road show and thereafter used it in performing painless dental operations. He was allowed to demonstrate the method at the Massachusetts

Sa'id Ibn Sultan

2005-03-06T19:02:00.000-08:00

Ruler of Muscat and Oman and of Zanzibar (1806–56), who made Zanzibar the principal power in East Africa and the commercial capital of the western Indian Ocean.

Faridabad

2005-03-06T04:07:00.000-08:00

Town, southeastern Haryana state, northwestern India, connected by road with Delhi (north) and Mathura (southeast). It is a local market for wheat, sugarcane, and cotton. Founded in 1607 by Shaikh Farid, Emperor Jahangir's treasurer, to protect the Delhi–Agra high road, it was constituted a municipality in 1867. A project for Pakistani refugee resettlement and light industrial development

Object Language

2005-03-05T03:15:00.000-08:00

In semantics and logic, the ordinary language used to talk about things or objects in the world—as contrasted with metalanguage, an artificial language used by linguists and others to analyze or describe the sentences or elements of object language itself. The concept was developed by such 20th-century logical positivists as Polish-American Alfred Tarski and German-American

North Polar Sequence

2005-03-04T15:11:00.000-08:00

Any of a number of contagious diseases that are most commonly acquired in sexual intercourse. See sexually transmitted disease.

Puerto Plata

2005-03-04T14:40:00.000-08:00

In full San Felipe de Puerto Plata, city and port, northwestern Dominican Republic. It lies at the foot of Isabel de Torres Peak, along the Atlantic Ocean. Puerto Plata (meaning “Silver Port” in Spanish) was founded in 1503 by Christopher Columbus. Serving the fertile Cibao Valley, the port handles the produce of one of the nation's leading coffee-growing regions. The agricultural hinterland is also a major tobacco-producing

Van Horne, Sir William Cornelius

2005-03-04T11:46:00.000-08:00

Van Horne worked as a telegraph operator on the Illinois Central Railroad. By 1880 he was general superintendent of the Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul Railroad system. In 1881 he became general manager of the Canadian Pacific

Cabaletta

2005-03-03T22:28:00.000-08:00

(Italian cobola: “couplet”), originally an operatic aria with a simple, animated rhythm, and later a fast concluding section of an operatic aria, usually at the end of an act. An example of the earlier type is “Le belle immagini” (“The Beautiful Images”) in Gluck's Paride ed Elena (1770). In 19th-century Italian opera, cabaletta may mean either a short aria in quick tempo with repeated sections

Tischbein, Johann Heinrich Wilhelm

2005-03-03T05:17:00.000-08:00

Tischbein began his career painting portraits at the Prussian court in Berlin. In 1779 he went to Italy and in 1789 was appointed director of the art academy in Naples. Forced to leave in 1799 because of war, the painter retired to northern Germany. Tischbein's most famous painting,

Schaffner, Jakob

2005-03-02T16:03:00.000-08:00

Schaffner was orphaned at an early age. He described his life in four autobiographical

Burdwan

2005-03-02T00:55:00.000-08:00

Also called Bardhaman, or Barddhaman, city, central West Bengal state, northeastern India. The city is a major communications centre lying astride the Banka River just north of the Damodar River. Rice and oilseed milling and hosiery, cutlery, and tool manufacturing are the chief industries. Of historic interest are the Rajbari (the maharaja's palace and gardens), several ancient Muslim tombs, and 108 Siva linga,

Ibn 'aqil

2005-03-01T21:48:00.000-08:00

In 1055–66 Ibn 'Aqil received instruction in Islamic law according to the tenets of the

Carnivore, Distinguishing taxonomic features

2005-03-01T14:43:00.000-08:00

The characteristics used to separate the Carnivora from other mammalian orders and to define the subdivisions of the Carnivora are primarily structural. Of great importance are certain features of the skull (the type of

East Haven

2005-03-01T00:05:00.000-08:00

Urban town (township), New Haven county, southern Connecticut, U.S., on Long Island Sound just east of New Haven and separated from Branford (east) by Lake Saltonstall (about 3 miles [5 km] long). Originally a part of New Haven called Iron Works Village (because of the furnace established there in 1655 to process bog iron ore), it was renamed East Haven in 1707 and was incorporated as a separate

Lurçat, Jean

2005-02-28T17:56:00.000-08:00

Although his first tapestries were executed and exhibited in 1917, it was not until 1936 that Lurçat turned from being primarily a painter to designing tapestries. In 1939 he and the painters

Succulent

2005-02-27T21:09:00.000-08:00

Stomata are small mouthlike structures

Lamoricière, Christophe-louis-leon Juchault De

2005-02-27T14:37:00.000-08:00

After entering the engineers in 1829, Lamoricière was sent to Algiers (1830) as a captain in the Zouaves. In 1833 he played a prominent role in the creation of the Arab Bureau, which was to coordinate information on French Arab colonies. Military success at Constantine led to

Auric, Georges

2005-02-27T07:08:00.000-08:00

Auric studied under Vincent d'Indy and Albert Roussel in Paris, and in 1920 the critic Henri Collet included him in “Les Six,” the group of young French composers under the informal patronage

Disjunction

2005-02-26T16:54:00.000-08:00

In logic, relation or connection of terms in a proposition to express the concept “or”; it is a statement of alternatives (sometimes called “alternation”). For clarity, exclusive disjunction (either x or y but not both), symbolized x Ú× y, x Ú y, or x º/y, must be distinguished from inclusive disjunction (either x or y or both x and y), symbolized x Ú y. See also implication.

Uighur Language

2005-02-25T09:38:00.000-08:00

Also called New-uighur, member of the Turkic subfamily of the Altaic language family, spoken by Uighurs in the Uighur Autonomous Region of Sinkiang of northwestern China and in portions of Uzbekistan, Kazakstan, and Kyrgyzstan. The modern Uighur language, which was based on the Taranchi dialect spoken in Russia prior to the Russian Revolution of 1917, is classified with Uzbek in the southeastern

Canada Company

2005-02-24T23:51:00.000-08:00

Organization instrumental in colonizing much of the western part of Upper Canada (now Ontario). Many residents of Upper Canada had incurred losses during the War of 1812 and subsequently claimed an indemnity from the British government. The latter agreed to pay a portion of the claims if the government of Upper Canada provided the remainder. At the suggestion of John

Doxology

2005-02-24T15:19:00.000-08:00

1. The greater doxology, or Gloria in Excelsis, is the Gloria of the Roman Catholic and Anglican masses, and in its hundreds of musical settings it is usually sung in Latin. It is used in the Roman Catholic liturgy in a contemporary translation and is used liturgically, often in older

Vulgar Latin

2005-02-23T05:32:00.000-08:00

Spoken form of non-Classical Latin from which originated the Romance group of languages. Vulgar Latin was primarily the speech of the middle classes in Rome and the Roman provinces; it is derived from Classical Latin but varied across Roman-occupied areas according to the extent of education of the population, communication with Rome, and the original languages

Naro-fominsk

2005-02-23T05:29:00.000-08:00

City and centre of a rayon (sector), Moscow oblast (province), western Russia, on the Nara River southwest of the capital. It was formed in 1926 from three villages and textile centres. The town Fominsk was totally destroyed in World War II but later reemerged with its cotton-based industries of the past replaced by a huge silk-weaving combine. Pop. (1994 est.) 60,000.

Hipparchus

2005-02-22T23:26:00.000-08:00

Also spelled Hipparchos Greek astronomer and mathematician who made fundamental contributions to the advancement of astronomy as a mathematical science and to the foundations of trigonometry. Although he is commonly ranked among the greatest scientists of antiquity, very little is known about his life, and only one of his many writings

Heteropteran

2005-02-22T10:19:00.000-08:00

Any member of the insect order Heteroptera, which comprises the so-called true bugs. (Some authorities use the name Hemiptera; others consider both the heteropterans and the homopterans to be suborders of the Hemiptera.) This large group of insects, consisting of about 30,000 species, can be recognized by an X-shaped design on the back, which is formed by the wings at rest. A combination

Clarence, George Plantagenet, Duke Of

2005-02-21T13:47:00.000-08:00

Soon after Edward IV became king in March 1461, George was made duke of Clarence, and in

Bahadurpur, Battle Of

2005-02-21T11:13:00.000-08:00

Shuja', the second son—who had quickly set himself up as the independent governor of Bengal—was defeated at Bahadurpur, 5 miles (8 km) northeast of Varanasi (Benares) in

Asia, The steppes

2005-02-20T10:32:00.000-08:00

The animal life of the steppes differs as much from that of the taiga as from that of the tundra. It includes many burrowing rodents, such as jerboas, marmots, and pikas, and larger mammals, such as numerous antelope. The steppes were the original home of the northern cattle (Bos taurus), the horse, and probably the Bactrian (two-humped) camel; it is doubtful that any of these

Saxon Dynasty

2005-02-20T05:55:00.000-08:00

Henry I's son and successor, Otto I the Great (king 936–973, western emperor from 962), won a decisive victory over the Magyars at the Battle of Lechfeld near Augsburg in 955 and continued the policy, initiated by Henry

Earth, Composition of the mantle

2005-02-19T10:25:00.000-08:00

The composition of the upper mantle is less easily determined than that of the crust. Samples of mantle rock come mainly from two sources: ophiolites and xenoliths. The latter, in particular, include rocks that have been brought from great depth by explosive eruptions. Most notably, the occurrence of diamonds with some xenoliths requires a source beyond 150 kilometres

Morality Play

2005-02-19T01:52:00.000-08:00

Together with the mystery play and the miracle play, the morality play is one of the three main types of vernacular drama produced during

Axis

2005-02-18T05:54:00.000-08:00

In crystallography, any of a set of lines used to describe the orderly arrangement of atoms in a crystal. If each atom or group of atoms is represented by a dot, or lattice point, and these points are connected, the resulting lattice may be divided into a number of identical blocks, or unit cells. The intersecting edges of one of these unit cells are chosen as the crystallographic

Field, Nathan

2005-02-17T19:11:00.000-08:00

Field attended St. Paul's School, London, and about 1600 became a member of the Children of the Queen's Revels, remaining with this theatre company throughout its various changes of name and composition until 1616–17, when he joined the King's Men, possibly to replace Shakespeare as actor.

Gastronomy, Japanese

2005-02-17T17:14:00.000-08:00

Traditionally the Japanese bride received as many as 50 different kinds of dishes as wedding gifts, and she might use a dozen at one meal. She would

Goibhniu

2005-02-17T02:40:00.000-08:00

Welsh Gofannon, ancient Celtic smith god. Goibhniu figured in Irish tradition as one of a trio of divine craftsmen; the other two were Luchta the wright and Creidhne the metalworker. Goibhniu was also the provider of the sacred otherworld feast, the Fled Goibhnenn; he allegedly brewed the special ale thought to confer immortality on those who drank it. In Christian times he became

Agricola, Alexander

2005-02-14T21:09:00.000-08:00

Agricola was educated in the Netherlands and entered the service of Charles VII of France. He later went to Milan and in 1474 was at the court of Lorenzo de' Medici. The same year he returned to the Netherlands. In 1500 he became chaplain and chanter to Philip the Fair of Burgundy, whom he accompanied

Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus

2005-02-14T08:17:00.000-08:00

In spite of his success as a pianist and composer, Mozart had serious financial worries, and they worsened as the famously fickle Viennese found other idols. One may calculate his likely income during his last five years, 1786–91, as being far larger than that of most musicians though much below that of the section of society with which he wanted to be associated; Leopold's early

Wren-babbler

2005-02-14T03:00:00.000-08:00

Any of about 20 species of small Asian birds belonging to the babbler family Timaliidae (order Passeriformes). They are 10 to 15 centimetres (4 to 6 inches) long, rather short-tailed, and have a rather short and straight bill. These features differentiate wren-babblers from the closely related scimitar-babblers. Wren-babblers occur chiefly in southern Asia. An example is the streaked

Bonnet Monkey

2005-02-14T00:53:00.000-08:00

(species Macaca radiata), Indian macaque named for the thatch of long hair forming a cap, or “bonnet,” on the crown. The bonnet monkey is grayish brown with a hairless pink face. It is about 35–60 cm (14–24 inches) long, excluding its 50–70-centimetre tail, and weighs about 3–9 kg (7–20 pounds). It is an agile monkey and sometimes raids gardens or stores of food.

Water Strider

2005-02-13T10:57:00.000-08:00

With their short front legs they capture insects that fall onto the water surface. In crowded conditions water striders

Aphrodite

2005-02-13T03:11:00.000-08:00

Ancient Greek goddess of sexual love and beauty, identified by the Romans with Venus (q.v.). Because the Greek word aphros means “foam,” the legend arose that Aphrodite was born from the white foam produced by the severed genitals of Uranus (Heaven), after his son Cronus threw them into the sea. Aphrodite was, in fact, widely worshiped as a goddess of the sea and of seafaring; she

Canaveral, Cape

2005-02-12T10:15:00.000-08:00

Seaward extension of Canaveral Island (a barrier island running southeastward along the coast of the Atlantic Ocean) and city in Brevard county, east-central Florida, U.S. The cape itself is separated from Merritt Island to the west by the Banana River, and the island is separated from the mainland by the Indian River (both “rivers” actually constitute elongated coastal

Religion

2005-02-12T01:30:00.000-08:00

Theological justifications for violence were attempted on several fronts in 1994, even while new ground was broken in ecumenical and interfaith relations. (For figures on Adherents of All Religions by Continent, see Table I; for Adherents in the U.S., see Table II.)Scholarly works on the life of Jesus and on the status of homosexuality in the early church drew attention and

Tischbein, Johann Heinrich Wilhelm

2005-02-11T14:47:00.000-08:00

Analytic Geometry, General classes of curves

2005-02-11T09:27:00.000-08:00

Caustic is an envelope of rays; more specifically, when the light rays emanating from a source are reflected by a given curve, the envelope of the reflected rays is the caustic by reflection, or catacaustic, of the given curve with respect to the source in question. When the rays from a source are refracted by a given curve, the envelope of refracted rays is called the caustic

Atheriniform

2005-02-11T09:19:00.000-08:00

Any member of the order Atheriniformes, containing 15 families of marine and freshwater spiny-finned fishes, including the flying fishes (see photograph), needlefishes, silversides, and cyprinodonts. The last group, the Cyprinodontidae, is an abundant tropical and subtropical family that includes the guppies, mollies, swordtails, and many

Amphibole

2005-02-10T03:22:00.000-08:00

The complex chemical composition of members of the amphibole group can be expressed by the general formula A0–1B2C5T8O22(OH, F, Cl)2, where A = Na, K; B = Na, Li, Ca, Mn, Fe2+, Mg; C = Mg, Fe2+, Mn, Al, Fe3+, Ti; and T = Si, Al. Nearly complete substitution may take place between sodium and calcium and among magnesium, ferrous iron, and manganese (Mn). There is limited substitution between ferric iron and aluminum

Altman, Robert

2005-02-09T01:16:00.000-08:00

Unconventional and independent American motion-picture director whose works emphasize character and atmosphere over plot in exploring themes of innocence, corruption, and survival. Perhaps his best-known film was his first and biggest commercial success, the antiwar comedy M*A*S*H (1970), set in a Mobile Army Surgical Hospital during

Sabine

2005-02-08T21:26:00.000-08:00

Latin Sabinus , plural Sabini member of an ancient Italic tribe located in the mountainous country east of the Tiber River. They were known for their religious practices and beliefs, and several Roman institutions were said to have derived from them. The story recounted by Plutarch that Romulus, the founder of Rome, invited the Sabines to a feast and then carried off (raped) their women, is legendary.

Futures

2005-02-08T16:09:00.000-08:00

Commercial contract calling for the purchase or sale of specified quantities of a commodity at specified future dates. The origin of futures contracts was in trade in agricultural commodities, and the term commodity is used to define the underlying asset even though the contract is frequently completely divorced from the product. It therefore differs from

Brühl, Heinrich, Graf Von (count Of)

2005-02-08T03:04:00.000-08:00

Rising rapidly under Augustus II the Strong,

Mairet, Jean

2005-02-07T15:02:00.000-08:00

Classical French dramatist, the forerunner and rival of Pierre Corneille. Mairet's characters, his verse, and his situations were freely borrowed by his contemporaries. Before Corneille, he brought to the stage the famous Cornelian figures Sophonisbe and Pulchérie, and he anticipated Jean Racine in two important names, Roxane and

Anselm Of Saint Mary

2005-02-07T09:56:00.000-08:00

Anselm entered the order of the Discalced Hermits of St. Augustine in 1644 and, remaining in their monastery (Couvent des Petits Pères), devoted his entire life to genealogical studies. Among his early works are Le Palais